Technology-Based Production of Secondary Metabolites from Cell and Callus Culture

Abstract

Recently, due to the wide spread of chemicals and their negative impact on human health and environment, the focus has increased on plant products, especially secondary metabolites in medical and in various industrial fields. Therefore, it seems necessary to focus and research on increasing the production of secondary metabolites using plant tissue culture techniques, especially callus culture, and improve its production on a large scale using bioreactors. Moreover, it is important to find the best methods to increase quality and quantity extraction of secondary metabolites. Callus culture and cell suspension culture in combination with developed extraction techniques represent powerful biomass production techniques to gain high quality secondary metabolites from plant materials. This article reviews the importance of callus and how to culture callus, in addition to the most important modern methods for producing secondary metabolites from callus and cell cultures.